![]() ![]() ![]() Most existing vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV are based on the S protein. The development of prevention strategies, particularly the generation of effective and safe vaccines against SARS-CoV, therefore, is an important task in current SARS research. ![]() The presence of natural reservoir also suggests that there is a risk for reintroduction of SARS-CoV-like virus from animals into humans. Since the end of the SARS outbreak in July, 2003, a number of SARS cases have been sporadically reported, raising a serious safety concern. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is the latest-reported emerging infectious disease caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Since T cell epitopes are highly conserved and boosting with peptides may induce the production of effector memory T cells, which may be effective against viruses with mutations in the neutralizing epitopes, our results suggest that the vaccination protocol used may be ideal for providing effective, broad and long-term protection against SARS-CoV infection. No significant immune responses and protective effects were detected in mice vaccinated with RBD-Pep or blank AAV alone. Compared with the RBD-rAAV prime/boost vaccination, RBD-rAAV prime/RBD-peptide (RBD-Pep) boost induced similar levels of Th1 and neutralizing antibody responses that protected the vaccinated mice from subsequent SARS-CoV challenge, but stronger Th2 and CTL responses. In this study, we further assessed the immune responses and protective effect of the immunization with RBD-rAAV prime/RBD-specific T cell peptide boost. Our previous study has demonstrated that vaccination with adeno-associated virus encoding RBD (RBD-rAAV) induces high titer of neutralizing antibodies. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV spike (S) protein is an important target in developing safe and effective SARS vaccines. ![]() Development of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is crucial in the prevention of SARS reemergence. ![]()
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